Agenda
Lundi 13 mars 2023
Hadrons, Superconductor Vortices, and Cosmological Constant
Keh-Fei Liu (U. of Kentucky)
We point out that there is an energy-equilibrium correspondence from the gravitational form factors (GFF) of hadrons which reveals that the trace anomaly, emerging from the glue condensate in the vacuum, gives a negative constant pressure which leads to confinement, much like the confinement mechanism for the vortices in type II superconductors. Both the trace anomaly and the cosmological constant in Einstein’s equation for the static Universe are in the metric term of the energy-momentum tensor. Their similarities and differences are discussed. Finally, a lattice calculation of the trace anomaly distribution in the pion resolves a pion mass puzzle and provides a definite evidence that the conformal symmetry breaking and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD are intertwined.