SEMINAIRE MERCREDI 7 JANVIER 2004 14 heures Salle Séminaire 5 Centre de Physique Théorique Marseille-Luminy Ugo Locatelli Université Rome 2 Title: A very challenging problem for the Hamiltonian perturbation theory: the study of the stability of the Trojan asteroids" Abstract: The Trojans constitute a family of asteroids orbiting close the vertexes of the two equilateral triangles having the segment-line connecting Sun and Jupiter as basis. The problem of the apparent stability of their motion is debated since the discovery of the first Trojan asteroids (i.e. almost one century ago). We will study the problem of the stability of the Trojan asteroids in the very simple framework of the planar restricted (circular) three-body problem. We first numerically investigate the size of the stability region by using the frequency analisys. We will see how this region is very much larger than those where the previously known (semi)analytical results apply. Most of the time will be dedicated to explain how the KAM theory can be adapted to the general problem of constructing invariant tori close to an equilibrium point (i.e., in our system, a vertex of the equilateral triangles in the non-inertial frame corotating with Sun and Jupiter). We will see that the particular problem of the Trojan asteroids needs a few further refinements of the general approach. Finally, we will compare the orbits obtained by the tori constructed using our approach with those starting from some initial conditions given by the "projections on the model" of the positions and velocities of some real asteroids. This will give us the possibility of appreciating the improvements given by our approaches.